ABSTRACT
Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the effects of Goji Berry extract (GB, Lycium barbarum) gavage administration on liver tissue oxidative stress in Wistar rats as well as to identify and quantify the content of the major bioactive compounds of the fruit. Four diets were applied: SW - standard diet + water; SG - standard diet + Goji Berry extract (125 mg/kg of animal); PW - palatable diet + water; PG - palatable diet + Goji Berry extract (125 mg/kg of animal). Results showed a significant increase in catalase enzyme activity in the liver of rats treated with GB and also in those intaking the palatable diet without GB when compared to the SW group. An increased mRNA expression of this enzyme in the same tissue and groups was also verified. Regarding lipid peroxidation, the GB extract produced a significant decrease in the oxidation state in the SG and PG groups. The results also showed a significant amount of bioactive compounds in GB extract.
ABSTRACT
Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of a Lycium barbarum (L. barbarum) fruit extract in Wistar rats submitted to a palatable diet presenting systemic inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Forty-two Wistar female rats (Rattus Novergicus) were used with 60 days old. The animals were feed for 60 days and divided in six groups (n=7): standard diet+water; standard diet+L. barbarum; palatable diet+water; palatable diet+L. barbarum; standard diet+water+LPS; standard diet+L. barbarum+LPS. A significant difference was shown between the analyzed groups concerning C-reactive protein, with the standard diet+water+LPS group presenting the highest inflammatory response in comparison to the other groups. Decreased inflammatory response was observed in the group administered a palatable diet along with the fruit extract when compared to the group that received only a palatable diet. Significant decrease in glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase activity was observed in the standard diet+L. barbarum+LPS group compared to the standard diet+water group, as well as in the palatable diet+L. barbarum group compared to the palatable diet+water group. A significant increase in creatinine in the standard diet+water+LPS group was observed in according to the L. barbarum administration groups. The gene expression of the inflammatory markers genes in the liver showed a significant increase in TNF-α and IL-6 genes in the group treated with standard diet+L. barbarum+LPS when compared to the standard diet+LPS group. Thus, the administered L. barbarum extract displays the potential to reduce inflammatory responses induced by LPS and a palatable diet.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Lycium , Inflammation/drug therapy , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Plant Extracts , Lipopolysaccharides/adverse effects , Rats, Wistar , Alanine Transaminase , Disease Models, Animal , Inflammation/microbiologyABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to confirm the changes occurring in the foot system of the heifers challenged with lipopolysaccharides (LPS), at the clinical, serum and histological levels. We studied 16 clinically healthy heifers, 14 months of age, placed in a confinement system. All the animals were provided with an accelerometer collar to establish their activity. They were categorized into two groups: the LPS group (n=8), or those which were administered two intravenous applications of 2 mL containing 0.5 μg/kg of body weight of LPS, with a 24-hour interval and the Control group (n=8) which were given two infusions of 2 mL of saline solution in the same time interval. General clinical examination and blood collection were done at 0, 4 and 8 hours post the LPS challenges and analyses of the hemograms and paroxonese-1 were performed. The animals were then slaughtered on day 4 and the laminar tissue was collected for histological analysis. The LPS group revealed a lower total leukocyte count with heart rate and greater activity. None of the animals revealed any abnormal signs symptomatic of foot pathology after histological analysis. Hence, the challenge with LPS failed to induce any clinical and histological changes in the foot tissue compatible with laminitis.
RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar alterações do sistema podal á nível clínico, hematológico e histológico de animais desafiados com lipopolissacarídeo (LPS). Foram utilizadas 16 novilhas de corte com 14 meses de idade, clinicamente saudáveis, em sistema de confinamento. Todos os animais continham uma coleira com acelerômetro para verificar atividade, sendo divididos em 2 grupos: LPS (n= 8), que recebeu duas aplicações de 2 mL contendo 0,5 μg/kg de peso corporal de LPS via intravenosa, com intervalo de 24 horas e Controle (n= 8) que recebeu duas aplicações de 2 mL de solução salina com o mesmo intervalo de tempo. Foram realizados exame clinico geral e coletas de sangue às 0, 4 e 8 horas após os desafios com LPS para análise de hemogramas e paroxonase-1. Os animais foram abatidos aos 5 dias sendo executada a coleta de tecido laminar para análise histológica. A análise estatística foi executada com a utilização do programa NCSS(2004) através de ANOVA-medidas repetidas, considerando o efeito do tratamento do período e sua interação (tratamento*horas), sendo considerados significativos valores de P<0,05. O grupo LPS apresentou superior contagem total de leucócitos com maior frequência cardíaca e atividade. Nenhum animal apresentou sinal de anormalidade compatível com laminite através da análise histológica. Entretanto, o desafio com LPS foi capaz de gerar alterações a nível clínico, constatado pelas alterações nos parâmetros de frequência cardíaca, respiratória e temperatura corporal, além de mudanças no leucograma.